Diabetes poses a growing global public health challenge, creating a strong demand for management approaches that can support long-term monitoring and timely intervention. This study evaluates how eHealth interventions contribute to diabetes management within public health surveillance by reviewing recent evidence on their functions and impact. The analysis covers major digital tools currently applied in diabetes care—such as mobile health applications, remote glucose monitoring devices, telemedicine services, electronic health record systems, and decision-support technologies—and examines their performance using findings reported in recent empirical studies. Results across the literature show that eHealth interventions can improve treatment adherence, strengthen data continuity, and enable earlier identification of glycemic deterioration through continuous or near real-time data exchange. These tools also enhance communication between patients and providers, facilitating more responsive clinical adjustments and contributing to better surveillance at the population level. Despite these advantages, issues including system interoperability, uneven digital access, and unresolved data privacy concerns continue to limit broader implementation. Overall, the evidence indicates that eHealth technologies offer meaningful support for diabetes management and surveillance, while also highlighting the need to improve digital infrastructure and data standards to fully leverage their public health potential.

With the continuous growth of the global population, both the demand for meat and the scale of animal farming have increased sharply, placing immense pressure on the environment. Consequently, the sustainable production of animal-derived protein has become a critical issue. Among various approaches, the technology of cultured meat—producing animal protein in the laboratory from stem cells and other cell types—has emerged as a relatively mature research area. This technique addresses key challenges in traditional animal protein supply through its simple operational process and shorter production cycle. Over decades of development and innovation, cultured meat technology has evolved to include a range of novel methods, such as using xuan paper as a scaffold for cell cultivation, further advancing its potential. This paper provides an overview of cultured meat research, focusing on its background, production processes, three-dimensional culture and tissue shaping techniques, and related commercial developments.

This study aims to increase the total dietary fiber content in cookies, reduce excessive sweetness in baked products, and enhance satiety, thereby providing a reference for developing a low-fat, high-fiber cookie. Using water-holding capacity, expansion ratio, and sensory evaluation as indicators, we optimized four factors—total dietary fiber particle size, total dietary fiber addition level, butter amount, and powdered sugar amount—through single-factor experiments and an orthogonal design. The optimal formulation obtained was as follows: dietary fiber passing through a 160-mesh sieve; dietary fiber addition level of 11%; 35 g of powdered sugar; and 25 g of butter. Cookies produced under these conditions had a uniform and regular appearance, an appealing golden color, and a crisp yet appropriately firm texture, accompanied by a rich, sweet aroma.

Chickpea is a major protein source in dry and semi-arid regions, but diseases caused by necrotrophic fungi strongly limit yield and the early immune signaling mechanisms remain unclear. This study used one resistant and one susceptible chickpea line inoculated with a dominant Ascochyta isolate and collected leaf samples at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h, combining RNA-seq with quantification of JA, ACC, SA and ABA to compare time-course responses between genotypes. The resistant line showed large-scale transcriptional reprogramming by 12 h with many more up-regulated genes than the susceptible line and strong enrichment in receptor-like kinases, WRKY/ERF transcription factors and cell wall modification pathways. JA and ACC in the resistant line increased rapidly and showed high correlations with key co-expression modules, whereas the susceptible line showed weaker activation and a rise in ABA. The work proposes an early immune signaling framework for chickpea challenged by necrotrophic fungi and identifies a set of candidate hub genes tightly linked to JA/ethylene pathways that can support mechanistic studies and marker-based selection.

This article systematically reviews the application and research progress of integrated water and fertilizer technology in pepper production, focusing on the physiological mechanisms of this technology in improving the appearance, nutrition, flavor, and storage quality of peppers through water and fertilizer coordination and precise supply. It also analyzes its synergistic effects on increasing yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency, and economic benefits. The review reveals that current research still faces shortcomings such as insufficient analysis of physiological mechanisms and lack of standardization of technical parameters. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen mechanism exploration, promote parameter intelligence, and conduct interdisciplinary systematic research to fully leverage the potential of this technology in the green and sustainable development of the pepper industry.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nutrition, with Yin-Yang and Five Elements, homology of medicine and food, and dietotherapy based on syndrome differentiation as its core, is the crystallization of wisdom from the in-depth integration of the TCM system and dietary culture. This paper systematically sorts out the theoretical origin, core principles and practical application of TCM nutrition, comparatively analyzes the commonalities and complementarities between the holistic concept and balance concept of TCM and modern nutrition, and explores the integration path of TCM nutrition and modern nutrition by combining the modern scientific verification of homology of medicine and food substances, nutritional intervention for chronic diseases and health management practice. The research shows that TCM nutrition emphasizes the correspondence between human and nature, visceral regulation and the priority of dietary nourishment, which is highly consistent with the concepts of balanced nutrition, precise intervention and chronic disease prevention and control in modern nutrition; the integration of the two can construct a nutritional system with both oriental characteristics and scientific evidence, providing more appropriate theoretical and practical support for national health.

In the research area, chili pepper is not only a very popular food ingredient but also a critical cash crop. Observations indicate that many people in the local community grow peppers for their livelihood. However, a persistent challenge has been identified: peppers are often infected by severe pests and diseases, so the yield is frequently very low, causing significant financial loss to farmers. After learning about these issues, research interest in pepper cultivation has been aroused. At the same time, the huge advantages of microbial control in agriculture have been recognized; therefore, a topic related to chili peppers and microbial control was selected. The purpose of conducting this research is to understand to what extent microbial control can improve the cultivation of chili peppers, evaluate the assistance of different microorganisms in chili pepper cultivation compared to traditional methods, and assess whether these biological methods are economically and practically viable for ordinary farmers. This research synthesizes data from global studies to determine if microorganisms are a "silver bullet" or a supportive tool in modern agriculture. The author has read relevant literature and learned that the diseases and pests of peppers can be caused by multiple factors, ranging from fungal infections to insect infestations. Meanwhile, many microorganisms can also affect the growth of peppers to varying degrees, offering a sustainable alternative that does not damage the surrounding environment. At present, microbial control has been widely applied in agriculture, but there are still many people who do not understand this technology. They prefer traditional chemical prevention and control methods, instead of microbial control, due to habit and cost concerns. This research aims to compare conflicting views and make more people know the advantages and limitations of microbial control.

Objective: To systematically analyze the potential therapeutic mechanism of licochalcone A against Alzheimer's disease by network pharmacology. Methods: The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and GeneCards database were screened, and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on the overlapping genes of Alzheimer's disease and licochalcone A, followed by Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis and visualization. Results: A total of 64 potential overlapping targets between licochalcone A and Alzheimer's disease were identified, among which CASP3, AKT1 and BCL2 were core targets with high degree values. The annotated genes were enriched in signal transduction, metabolism and immune system. Conclusion: Licochalcone A may exert anti-Alzheimer's disease effects by targeting and regulating inflammatory response, participating in biological processes such as signal transduction and energy metabolism, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of multi-target drugs for Alzheimer's disease.